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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
独家专访张伯礼丨新冠感染核心问题六问六答****** 央广网北京1月9日消息（记者卜叶万玉航）阳康后，依然感受到咳嗽、咽痛、浑身疼、乏力、心慌出汗、睡眠不实等，张伯礼院士表示，这往往是因为器官组织受到毒素攻击以及触发炎性后造成损伤后，身体免疫系统正在修复。他提醒，阳康后还要注意休息，休息的时间一般来说需要两周左右。 点击观看视频 要点选摘： 新冠感染后如何治疗？如何用药？ 张伯礼院士： 体温超过38.5℃可适量服用芬必得等退烧药。适度发烧，可有效激活人体免疫功能，更利于对抗病毒。 不必刻意挑选某种感冒药，不主张中西药同时服用，减少对肝肾的负担和对胃的刺激。 不建议前期、早期使用抗生素对抗病毒。 “吞刀片”症状如何缓解？ 张伯礼院士： 为了缓解症状，可以服用中药的六神丸、清咽滴丸。也可以喝蜂蜜水，改善咽喉症状。 雾化装置或者水蒸气，对改善咽痛鼻塞也有好处。用冰盐水清洗鼻腔，能够增强鼻腔、口腔黏膜的免疫功能。浓度可以比生理盐水稍微浓一点，放冰箱冷藏，用来漱口。 按摩穴位也可以起到辅助改善症状的作用。 有哪些症状是重症预告？ 张伯礼院士： 有以下情况要留意：高烧不退。高烧（38℃以上）超过3天，给药后持续不退。 呼吸困难。活动后喘，安静时呼吸每分钟超过30次。 持续性呕吐腹泻。 原有基础病有加重趋势。 精神淡漠，不愿意理人，或者出现烦躁、焦虑等。 老年人应该注意什么？ 张伯礼院士： 建议老人聚集的重点场所，比如养老院实行闭环管理，同时定期开展核酸或抗原检测。 谨防老年人沉默式缺氧。老年人耐受力差，反应能力差，缺氧后，往往不会表现出呼吸困难、急促，需要观察老年人的精神状态和血氧浓度。 体温过高或过低都要保持警惕。 为什么会复阳？二次感染跟复阳是一回事吗？ 张伯礼院士： 复阳主要是因为病毒排泄不畅，可能与患者痰比较黏稠，形成痰栓，而痰栓里包裹的病毒沉积在肺的小气道暂时排不出来有关。此后肺修复过程中排出痰栓，也带出了病毒，所以呈现出复阳的表现。 但复阳者，培养不出来活病毒，一般是病毒碎片，且没有传染性。 二次感染是指感染转阴后，超过一、两个月后再次被感染，这往往是因为感染了不同变异株，但二次感染概率不是太高。所以转阴后，还要做好个人防护，包括戴口罩、勤洗手，勤通风，保持社交距离等。 阳康后身体仍需要复原 张伯礼院士： 感受到咳嗽、咽痛、浑身疼、乏力、心慌出汗、睡眠不实等，往往是因为器官组织受到毒素攻击造成损伤后，身体免疫系统在修复。 阳康后还要注意休息两周左右，期间不要剧烈活动。 特别提醒，阳康后，如果出现莫名其妙地心率加快，心率达到100以上，甚至110以上，而且心跳不规律，中间出现停跳；或出现头昏，眼前发黑，看东西不清楚，这些表现有可能是心肌炎的前兆，需要及时到医院去检查。 现在接种疫苗还来得及吗？ 张伯礼院士： 建议没有感染的老人，尽快去接种。 建议接种第四针选择异种疫苗，形成序贯接种，效果比较好。 （文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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